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射电望远镜旋转换馈屏蔽装置设计与实验分析

Design and Experimental Analysis of the Shielding Device for Radio Telescope Rotating Feed-switching Structures

  • 摘要: 大型射电望远镜具有极高的系统灵敏度, 对焦点附近电子设备的电磁兼容设计要求极高, 因此给射电望远镜接收机房换馈结构的屏蔽防护方案设计带来了较大的挑战. 为解决上述问题, 采用防护结构设计与屏蔽衬垫相结合, 设计了应用于旋转馈源结构的屏蔽装置; 在此基础上, 为验证旋转换馈屏蔽装置的屏蔽效能与可靠性, 研制了旋转换馈屏蔽实验平台, 测量了旋转换馈屏蔽装置静止状态与工作状态下的屏蔽效能, 基本达到了设计预期. 此外, 依据屏蔽装置的安装与运行特性并考虑其屏蔽衬垫使用寿命, 结合实测数据分析了影响屏蔽装置性能与可靠性的主要因素, 进而给出了旋转换馈屏蔽装置安装要求与衬垫选型要求, 为射电望远镜接收机房屏蔽方案设计提供了技术支撑.

     

    Abstract: Large radio telescopes have extremely high sensitivity, necessitating stringent electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design requirements for electronic equipment near the focal point. The shielding and protection scheme for the feed-switching structure in the telescope receiver cabin poses significant challenges. To address these issues, we integrated protective structural design with shielding gaskets, devising a shielding device specifically tailored for the rotating feed structure. On this basis, to validate the shielding effectiveness and reliability of the rotating feed-switching shielding device, we developed an experimental platform for testing the device. Shielding effectiveness was measured under both static and operational conditions, and the results largely met the design expectations. Furthermore, based on the installation and operational characteristics of the shielding device, and considering the service life of the shielding gaskets, we analyzed the key factors affecting the performance and reliability of the device using empirical data. From this analysis, we proposed installation requirements for the shielding device and selection criteria for the gaskets. These findings provide technical support for the shielding scheme design of the telescope receiver cabin.

     

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